Let's read the budget.xlsx workbook into a DataFrame:

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_excel("budget.xlsx")

data

Output:

upper()

• Series.str.upper: Converts all characters to uppercase.

data["Zone"].str.upper()

Output:

lower()

• Series.str.lower: Converts all characters to lowercase.

data["Store Code"].str.lower()

Output:

title()

• Series.str.title: Converts the first character of each word to uppercase and remaining to lowercase.

data["City"].str.title()

Output:

len()

• Series.str.len: Returns the length of each element in the Series.

data["City"].str.len()

replace()

We will replace the character D in all the elements in the Store Code column with the character D.

data["Store Code"].str.replace("Z", "D")

Output: